Mashoko Akakosha Muchinyorwa: Aluminum Sulfate, Ferrous Sulfate, Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC), Polyacrylamide (PAM)
Aruminiyamu sulfate chinhu chinowanzo shandiswa muzvinhu zvisina organic chine fomura yemakemikari Al₂(SO₄)₃, huremu hwemamorekuru hwe342.15, uye chitarisiko chena chekristaro. Sechinhu chakakosha mukurapa mvura, basa rayo guru riri mukugadzira zvidimbu zvecolloidal kuburikidza nekuita kwehydrolysis; zvidimbu izvi zvinosveta uye zvinodzivirira zvinhu zvakamiswa, macolloid, uye mamwe marara akanyungudutswa ari mumvura, nokudaro zvichiita kuti mvura icheneswe. Maitiro ayo ekushandiswa anosanganisira nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kurapwa kwemvura yekunwa, kurapwa kwemvura yakasviba mumaindasitiri, kugadzirira rosin saizi agents muindasitiri yekugadzira mapepa, uye petroleum decolorization.
I. Nheyo dzeUnyanzvi neMabasa Akakosha:
Kana aruminiyamu sulfate yanyungudika mumvura, maion earuminiyamu (Al³⁺) anobatana nemamorekuru emvura kuti agadzire maion earuminiyamu ane hydrated, ayo anozopedzisira awedzerwa hydrolysis kuti agadzire macolloids earuminiyamu hydroxide. Pamusoro pemacolloids aya ane positive charge, zvichiita kuti akwanise kubvisa negative charges pazvikamu zvakamiswa mumvura. Kusagadzikana uku kunokanganisa kugadzikana kwezvikamu, zvichikurudzira kuungana kwazvo kuita maflocs makuru (clumps), ayo anozopedzisira aparadzaniswa kuburikidza ne sedimentation kana filtration. Maitiro ese aya anozivikanwa se "coagulation-sedimentation" uye anoita danho rakakosha mukurapa mvura. Uyezve, aruminiyamu sulfate inogona kuita nemamwe maion esimbi anorema ari mumvura (akadai sesimbi nemanganese) kuti igadzire precipitates isinganyungudike, nokudaro ichibatsira mukubvisa tsvina yakanyungudika.
Kambani yeAojin Chemical inopa mhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa zvekuchenesa mvura zvinotengeswa, zvinosanganisira aruminiyamu sulfate, ferrous sulfate,Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC)uye Polyacrylamide (PAM)Vatengi vanokurudzirwa kusarudza zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvavanoda. Tinogamuchira chero ani zvake anoda zvigadzirwa zvekuchenesa mvura kuti abate Aojin Chemical!
II. Mamiriro Ekushandisa uye Maonero Ekushanda:
Mukurapa mvura yekunwa, aluminium sulfate inowanzo shandiswa pamwe chete ne coagulant aids—yakadai se activated carbon kana polyacrylamide—kubvisa turbidity, algae, uye organic matter zvinobudirira. Mukurapa mvura yakasviba mumaindasitiri, chiyero chealuminium sulfate chinofanira kugadziriswa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwepH yemvura: mumamiriro ezvinhu ane acidic, hydrolysis yemaion ealuminum inoenderera mberi zvakanaka; zvisinei, kuwedzerwa kwakanyanya kunogona kukonzera huwandu hwealuminum yakasara mutsvina yakarapwa inodarika miganhu yemutemo. Kusiyana neizvi, munzvimbo dzine alkaline, zvakakosha kuwedzera pH-adjusting agents (senge lime) kuti iwedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwe flocculation. Muindasitiri yekugadzira mapepa, aluminium sulfate inoshanda semushonga wehukuru hwe rosin size; inosangana ne rosin acids kugadzira sipo dzealuminum dzisinganyungudike, nokudaro ichisimudzira kudzivirira kwemvura kwepepa. Mundima ye petroleum decolorization, hunhu hwe adsorptive hwe compound hunoshandiswa kubvisa gums ne asphaltenes kubva muzvigadzirwa zvemafuta. III. Mabhenefiti ehunyanzvi uye Mashandiro Anoshanda:
Zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisa mvura (zvakaita semunyu wesimbi), aluminium sulfate ine hunhu hunotevera: Chekutanga, colloidal aluminium hydroxide inogadzirwa panguva yehydrolysis ine saizi yakaenzana yezvikamu uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura, nokudaro ichideredza chiyero chinodiwa chemakemikari. Chechipiri, inoshanda pane pH yakakura (5.5–8.5), ichibvisa kudiwa kwekugadziriswa kwakanyanya kweacidity yemvura kana alkalinity. Chechitatu, maion ealuminium akasara anogona kubviswa zvakare kuburikidza nemaitiro ekurapa anotevera (akadai sekusefa jecha kana activated carbon adsorption), nokudaro zvichideredza njodzi yekusvibiswa kwechipiri. Ruzivo rwekuyedza runoratidza kuti pakurapa mvura yerwizi ine turbidity yakawanda, chiyero chealuminium sulfate che30–50 mg/L chinogona kuita kuti mvura ibude muturbidity ipfuure 90%, zvichiita kuti mvura inorapwa isvike pahutsanana hwemvura yekunwa yemumba.
IV. Nhungamiro dzeKuchengetedzeka neKuchengeta:
Zvakakosha kudzivirira kuchengetwa pamwe chete nemidziyo yakasimba kana mishonga ine oxidizing yakasimba kudzivirira kusangana kwe exothermic. Nzvimbo yekuchengetera inofanira kuchengetwa yakaoma uye ichichengetwa patembiricha iri pasi pe50°C kudzivirira kuti chigadzirwa chisanyungudike nehunyoro uye chisabikwe. Pakubata, magirovhosi ekudzivirira uye magirazi ekuchengetedza anofanira kupfekwa kudzivirira kufemereka neguruva kana kusangana neganda. Kana zvikaitika kuti zvasangana nemaziso netsaona, gezai nemvura yakachena yakawanda nekukurumidza motsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba. Pakutakura, matanho ekudzivirira anofanira kutorwa kudzivirira chigadzirwa kubva kuhunyoro uye kukuvara kwemuviri, zvichiita kuti paki yacho irambe yakasimba.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-25-2026
